Persian Calendar Converter: Jalali to Gregorian
Convert dates between the Persian (Jalali/Shamsi) calendar and the Gregorian calendar. See today's Persian date and convert any date instantly for free.
Persian Calendar Months
| # | Persian Month | Transliteration | Gregorian Period | Days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | فروردین | Farvardin | Mar 20/21 – Apr 19/20 | 31 |
| 2 | اردیبهشت | Ordibehesht | Apr 20/21 – May 20/21 | 31 |
| 3 | خرداد | Khordad | May 21/22 – Jun 21/22 | 31 |
| 4 | تیر | Tir | Jun 22/23 – Jul 22/23 | 31 |
| 5 | مرداد | Mordad | Jul 23/24 – Aug 22/23 | 31 |
| 6 | شهریور | Shahrivar | Aug 23/24 – Sep 22/23 | 31 |
| 7 | مهر | Mehr | Sep 23/24 – Oct 22/23 | 30 |
| 8 | آبان | Aban | Oct 23/24 – Nov 21/22 | 30 |
| 9 | آذر | Azar | Nov 22/23 – Dec 21/22 | 30 |
| 10 | دی | Dey | Dec 22/23 – Jan 20/21 | 30 |
| 11 | بهمن | Bahman | Jan 21/22 – Feb 19/20 | 30 |
| 12 | اسفند | Esfand | Feb 20/21 – Mar 19/20 | 29 or 30 |
Persian Calendar Grid (Jalali)
About the Persian (Jalali / Solar Hijri) Calendar
The Persian calendar, officially known in Iran as the Solar Hijri (Hijri Shamsi / گاهشماری هجری شمسی) calendar, is the official civil calendar of both Iran and Afghanistan. Unlike most calendars in global use, it is an astronomical solar calendar anchored to the actual moment of the spring equinox — meaning the Persian New Year, Nowruz, always falls precisely at the start of astronomical spring, on or around March 20 or 21 in Gregorian terms. This makes the Persian calendar one of the most accurate solar calendars ever devised, requiring only a minor leap-day correction every four or five years rather than the fixed four-year cycle of the Gregorian system.
The modern Solar Hijri calendar traces its intellectual roots to 1079 CE, when the Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah commissioned a calendar reform led by a team of Persian astronomers that included the celebrated poet and mathematician Omar Khayyam. Their work, known as the Jalali calendar, produced a 2,820-year cycle so precise that it deviates from the true solar year by only one day in roughly 3,770 years. The version used in Iran today was formally adopted in 1925, standardizing month lengths and leap-year rules. In Afghanistan, the same solar system is used under Dari names for the months.
The Persian year is divided into 12 months with a structure that mirrors the Iranian seasons. The first six months — Farvardin through Shahrivar — each contain 31 days, covering the longer, warmer half of the year from the spring equinox through late summer. The next five months — Mehr through Bahman — contain 30 days each. The final month, Esfand, has 29 days in a common year and 30 days in a leap year (sal-e kabise). This structure means the Persian calendar year is typically 365 days long, with a leap year adding one extra day, keeping the calendar closely aligned with the astronomical solar year.
Nowruz (نوروز, meaning "new day") marks the Persian New Year and the first day of Farvardin. It is the most widely celebrated holiday across the Iranian cultural sphere, observed not only in Iran and Afghanistan but also in Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, parts of the Caucasus, Iraqi Kurdistan, and Iranian diaspora communities worldwide. In 2009, Nowruz was inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, recognizing its more than 3,000 years of history. Nowruz 2026 falls on March 20, 2026, marking the start of Persian year 1405. Other culturally important dates include Yalda Night (Shab-e Yalda) on 30 Azar — the winter solstice, the longest night of the year — and Sizdah Bedar on 13 Farvardin, a nature festival that closes the Nowruz holiday period.
How to Use This Persian Calendar Converter
- See today's Persian date: The current Persian date is displayed automatically at the top of the converter as soon as the page loads — no input needed.
- Convert a Gregorian date to Persian: In the "Gregorian Date (AD)" field on the right, select or type any Gregorian date. Then click "Convert Date" to see the equivalent Persian (Jalali) year, month, and day.
- Convert a Persian date to Gregorian: In the "Persian Date (Jalali)" field on the left, type a date in YYYY-MM-DD format (for example, 1404-09-29 for the 29th of Azar 1404). Click "Convert Date" to see the Gregorian equivalent.
- Convert your birthday: Enter your birth date in either field to find your birthday in the other calendar system — useful for official documents, travel, or genealogy research.
- Check both results: After clicking Convert, the result appears below each input field. Both conversions run simultaneously, so you can verify a date in either direction at a glance.
Persian Calendar Year Numbers: Quick Reference
The Persian calendar year is approximately 621 or 622 years behind the Gregorian year, depending on the time of year. The Gregorian year 2026 spans Persian years 1404 (from January 1, 2026, until Nowruz on March 20, 2026) and 1405 (from March 20, 2026, to the end of the Persian year in March 2027). To estimate a Persian year from a Gregorian year, subtract 621 if the date is before Nowruz or 622 if it is after Nowruz.
Frequently Asked Questions
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The converter shows today's Persian calendar date automatically when the page loads. The Persian calendar is a solar calendar — the Gregorian year 2026 spans Persian year 1404 (until Nowruz on March 20, 2026) and 1405 (from Nowruz onward).
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The Gregorian year 2026 spans two Persian years: 1404 (from January 1, 2026 until Nowruz on March 20, 2026) and 1405 (from Nowruz on March 20, 2026 through the rest of the year). To find your Persian year, subtract 621 if the date is before Nowruz, or 622 if it is after Nowruz.
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Nowruz (Persian New Year) 2026 falls on March 20, 2026 — the precise moment of the astronomical spring equinox. It marks the first day of Farvardin and the start of Persian year 1405. Nowruz is celebrated across Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Iranian diaspora communities worldwide.
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The Jalali calendar refers to the solar calendar reformed in 1079 CE by Persian mathematician and poet Omar Khayyam under the patronage of Sultan Malik Shah I. The name 'Jalali' comes from the sultan's title, Jalal al-Din. The modern Solar Hijri calendar used in Iran today is the direct descendant of this reform and was formally adopted in 1925.
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Despite both using the word 'Hijri,' they are entirely different systems. The Persian Solar Hijri (Hijri Shamsi) calendar is a solar calendar with a fixed year length of 365 or 366 days, anchored to the spring equinox. The Islamic Lunar Hijri (Hijri Qamar) calendar is a purely lunar calendar with only 354 or 355 days per year, drifting roughly 11 days earlier against the solar year each year. Iran uses the Solar Hijri for civil purposes and the Lunar Hijri for Islamic religious dates such as Ramadan and Eid.
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Enter your Gregorian birth date in the 'Gregorian Date (AD)' field on the right side of the converter, then click 'Convert Date.' The equivalent Persian birth date will appear below. If your birthday is before March 20 in any year, subtract 621 from the Gregorian year for the Persian year; if it is after March 20, subtract 622.
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Both Iran and Afghanistan use the Solar Hijri calendar, but with slightly different month names. Iran uses Persian names: Farvardin, Ordibehesht, Khordad, Tir, Mordad, Shahrivar, Mehr, Aban, Azar, Dey, Bahman, Esfand. Afghanistan uses Dari names: Hamal, Saur, Jawza, Saratan, Asad, Sonbola, Mizan, Aqrab, Qaws, Jadi, Dalwa, Hut. The year numbers are identical in both countries.
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The Persian calendar year is approximately 621 or 622 years behind the Gregorian calendar, depending on the time of year. Before Nowruz (before March 20), subtract 621 from the AD year to get the Persian year. After Nowruz (after March 20), subtract 622. For example, 2026 corresponds to Persian years 1404 (Jan 1 – Mar 19) and 1405 (Mar 20 – Dec 31).
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Persian calendar dates are typically written in the format YYYY/MM/DD in Persian. Persian numerals (۰۱۲۳۴۵۶۷۸۹) are used in Iran, though Western Arabic numerals (0123456789) are also commonly used. This converter accepts Western numerals for input and displays results in both Persian month names and numeric formats.
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The Persian calendar uses a sophisticated 2,820-year cycle to determine leap years, resulting in leap year intervals of either 4 or 5 years. In most cycles, a leap year (sal-e kabise) occurs every 4 years, but occasionally every 5 years when needed. The leap day is added to the final month, Esfand, making it 30 days instead of 29. This system is more astronomically accurate than the Gregorian calendar's fixed 4-year leap cycle.